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中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

  资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

农夫山泉涨价,只因瓶子贵了?******

  中新网2月4日电(中新财经记者 谢艺观)近日,一则农夫山泉《杭州区域19升水调价通知》在业界流传。调价通知显示,从2月1日起,杭州市农夫山泉19升水零售价由20元/桶调至22元/桶。

  3日,中新财经记者拨打农夫山泉官网电话,对方确认了这一涨价消息。

农夫山泉线上官方旗舰店不同规格商品截图。

  农夫山泉为何要调价?

  对于本次提价原因,农夫山泉在通知中表示,“鉴于近年来因物价、原材料、人工及运营等成本不断上涨的压力”。

  2022年半年报中,农夫山泉也提到,“我们生产产品包装最主要的原材料PET是原油的下游产品。原油价格的上升和不确定性给我们的生产成本控制带来压力。”

  根据农夫山泉上市前披露的招股书,2017-2019年,PET材料占农夫山泉销售成本总额分别为29%、31.9%、31.6%,是销售成本中的重要组成部分。

  另据媒体报道,在2022年3月的一场分析师业绩会上,农夫山泉执行董事周震华直言,成本压力已经“超过企业单方面可以去消化的水平”。他表示,预计2022年PET成本较去年高出30%-40%。

  调价会否蔓延到其他城市?

  2021年12月,农夫山泉就曾发布价格调整公告,对上海地区19升水的零售价格进行上调,从2022年1月1日起由26元/桶调整到28元/桶。

  上海、杭州已先后上调19升水价格,价格调整是否会扩散至其他城市?农夫山泉客服向记者表示,目前并不清楚。

  至于其他规格的饮用水是否会随之进行提价,农夫山泉客服也没有给出答复。

  不过在前述分析师业绩会上,周震华曾表示,“目前来讲,无论在水或饮料上,我们都没有大规模提价的计划,但是也一直在持续观望,也看到了竞品有一些调价动作,所以我们也不会‘就不调价’说得这么死。”

  周震华说,由于后续市场及成本端变动大,农夫山泉涨价“会把所有可能性都开放”,但首选是通过提升经营效率消化成本。而由于成本上涨,农夫山泉2022年毛利“非常有可能下滑到2019年的水平”。

  记者注意到,受PET采购成本提高影响,农夫山泉2022年上半年的毛利率已由上一年同期的60.9%下降1.6%至59.3%。

  在食品产业分析师朱丹蓬看来,农夫山泉涨价是一把“双刃剑”,虽然有可能提升农夫山泉的利润,但如果其他品牌没有跟进,或将影响农夫山泉的市场份额。

资料图:市民在超市里选购矿泉水。 窦跃文 摄

  成本压力困扰企业

  受原油等上游大宗商品价格上涨影响,中下游企业成本承压,近年来全球各种产品“涨声一片”。

  据日本NHK电视台2月1日报道,日本2月份将有5000多种食品及饮料提价,继2022年10月日本的涨价潮达到30年来最大规模后,日本迎来新一轮涨价潮。

  作为日本知名饮料品牌,有消息称,养乐多本社自1月起提高了在中国全境销售的乳酸菌饮料“养乐多”和“养乐多低糖”2款商品的售价,将把原材料涨价转嫁到销售价格上。

  回顾2022年,在成本压力下,百事、元气森林、李子园、三得利等企业亦纷纷传出上调旗下部分产品价格。

  “附近超市里的三得利无糖乌龙茶已经从以前的3元一瓶,涨到现在的3.5元一瓶。”在北京西城区工作的小林表示。

  不过原材料成本的压力或在未来得到缓解。卓创资讯分析师赵颖表示,依据情景测算,预计2023年至2024年期间,油价将在2022年均价95美元的水平上继续下降,并在65美元/桶—80美元/桶区间内震荡下行。

  这对于饱受包装成本上涨之苦的饮料企业来说,也许是个好消息。(完)

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